Window Technologies: Low-E Coatings
Low-emittance (Low-E) coating are microscopically thin, virtually invisible, metal or metallic oxide layers deposited on a window or skylight glazing surface primarily to reduce the U-factor by suppressing radiative heat flow. The principal mechanism of heat transfer in multilayer glazing is thermal radiation from a warm pane of glass to a cooler pane. Coating a glass surface with a low-emittance material and facing that coating into the gap between the glass layers blocks a significant amount of this radiant heat transfer, thus lowering the total heat flow through the window. Low-E coatings are transparent to visible light. Different types of Low-E coatings have been designed to allow for high solar gain, moderate solar gain, or low solar gain.
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Double-Glazed with High-Solar-Gain Low-E Glass |
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This figure illustrates the characteristics of a typical double-glazed window
with a high-transmission, Low-E glass and argon gas
fill. These Low-E glass products are often referred to as pyrolitic or hard
coat Low-E glass, due to the glass coating process. The properties presented here
are typical of a Low-E glass product designed to reduce heat loss but admit solar
gain. High solar gain Low-E glass products are best suited for buildings located
in heating-dominated climates. This Low-E glass type is also the product of
choice for passive solar design projects due to the performance attributes
relative to other Low-E glass products which have been developed to reduce solar
gain.
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Double-Glazed with Moderate-Solar-Gain Low-E Glass |
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This figure illustrates the characteristics of a typical double-glazed window
with a moderate solar gain Low-E glass and argon gas
fill. These Low-E glass products are often referred to as sputtered (or
soft-coat products) due to the glass coating process. (Note: Low solar gain Low-E
products are also called sputtered coatings.) Such coatings reduce heat loss and
let in a reasonable amount of solar gain and are suitable for climates with both
heating and cooling concerns. In heating-dominated climates with a modest amount
of cooling or climates where both heating and cooling are required, Low-E
coatings with high, moderate or low solar gains may result in similar annual
energy costs depending on the house design and operation. Look at the energy use
comparisons under Window Selection to see how
different glazings perform in particular locations. |
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Double-Glazed with Low-Solar-Gain Low-E Glass |
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This figure illustrates the characteristics of a typical double-glazed window
with a low solar gain Low-E glass and argon gas fill.
These Low-E products are often referred to as sputtered (or soft-coat) due to the
glass coating process. (Note: Moderate solar gain Low-E products are also called
sputtered coatings.) This type of Low-E product, sometimes called
spectrally selective Low-E glass, reduces heat loss
in winter but also reduces heat gain in summer. Compared to most tinted and
reflective glazings, this Low-E glass provides a higher level of visible light
transmission for a given amount of solar heat reduction.
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Glazing Types | Frame Types | Operating Types | Low-E Coatings | Gas Fills | Spacers | Emerging Technologies


